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Compression Fracture

A compression fracture in the back occurs when one or more vertebrae in the spine collapse or become compressed, typically due to trauma, osteoporosis, or other conditions that weaken the bones. This type of fracture most commonly affects the thoracic (mid-back) and lumbar (lower back) regions and can lead to sudden, sharp pain, reduced spinal mobility, and changes in posture. In older adults, compression fractures are often associated with osteoporosis, where bones become brittle and more susceptible to fractures from minor injuries or even normal activities.
 
Compression fractures can range from mild to severe and may cause long-term complications if not treated promptly.

Common Symptoms

  • Sudden, sharp pain in the middle or lower back, often after a minor fall or strain
  • Pain that worsens with movement, standing, or walking, and improves when lying down
  • Loss of height over time (in cases of multiple fractures)
  • Kyphosis (a hunched or stooped posture)
  • Difficulty bending or twisting the spine
  • Pain radiating to the sides or into the abdomen in some cases
  • Numbness, tingling, or weakness in the legs (if nerve compression occurs)
  • Difficulty performing daily activities, such as lifting objects or getting out of bed
  • Muscle spasms or stiffness in the back
  • Chronic back pain in cases of multiple or untreated fractures
Patient and Nurse
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